OWL Exercise

1.  This example is correct.  This is the authors own experience and ideas that he is expressing.
2.  This sounds like it may be a quote from someone.  There should be quotations marks around the passage.  Citing the source should be included as well as a bibliographic citation.  They could use a MLA style manual.
3.  They need a cite source at the 57% statistic.  They should also need to include a bibliographic citation and maybe a CSE style manual. 
4.  This looks like the author is paraphrasing.  This cite would need to have a bibliographic citation.  MLA  style.
5. Looks like the author is both paraphrasing and quoting Mr. King.  He did put in a source citation, but he left our Martin Luther Kings initials.
6. This author need to put in the source citation.
7. This sentence is a direct quotation. It needs quotations marks and a cite source.
8. That would be common knowledge and would not need to be cited.

What I learned is that all aspects of plagiarism are important to avoid.  Acknowledging what does not need to be cited as well as what might need to be cited and what must be cited is a very important part of how you write and do research.  All students need to know common knowledge, ones own ideas/reasoning do not need to be cited.  Information in several textbooks or related sources do not necessarily need to be cited but information that provides a lead or material that is informed should be cited.  Information that must be cited is direct quotations, paraphrases/summaries, arguable assertions, statistics, charts, tables, graphs, images photos, and graphics.    Citing a source with in a body of writing is very important and the bibliographic citation with all of the information which includes the title, author , publisher, place of publication and year of publication is required.  The style manuals which one chooses to use can be a MLA, APA, CMA, CSE or ACS just to name the most common ones. The style manuals help with collecting information, organizing information and punctuation and caps.

The steps I would use to avoid plagiarism would be to abide by the rules that I have just recorded. I think is is very important that you don't take credit for what someone else has done.  I believe it takes research and knowledge to prevent plagiarism whether in be knowingly or by accident.